Working Paper: NBER ID: w9044
Authors: Sarah Turner; John Bound
Abstract: The effects of the G.I. Bill on collegiate attainment may have differed for black and white Americans owing to differential returns to education and differences in opportunities at colleges and universities, with men in the South facing explicitly segregated colleges. The empirical evidence suggests that World War II and the availability of G.I. benefits had a substantial and positive impact on the educational attainment of white men and black men born outside the South. However, for those black veterans likely to be limited to the South in their educational choices, the G.I. Bill had little effect on collegiate outcomes, resulting in the exacerbation of the educational differences between black and white men from southern states.
Keywords: No keywords provided
JEL Codes: I2
Edges that are evidenced by causal inference methods are in orange, and the rest are in light blue.
| Cause | Effect |
|---|---|
| World War II service (H56) | Educational attainment of white men and black men born outside the segregated southern states (J79) |
| GI benefits (L65) | Educational attainment of white men and black men born outside the segregated southern states (J79) |
| GI Bill (I22) | Collegiate outcomes of black veterans in southern states (I24) |
| Geographic location (southern states) (R23) | Educational outcomes for black veterans (I24) |
| Systemic barriers in the South (I24) | Null effects of the GI Bill on collegiate outcomes for black veterans (I24) |