Working Paper: NBER ID: w6404
Authors: Milka S. Kirova; Robert E. Lipsey
Abstract: The standard measures of nominal capital formation show the United States investing a proportion of GDP much lower than those of other developed countries throughout the last 25 years and falling further behind over time. In contrast, measures we have calculated in real terms across countries and over time indicate that US investment ratios have been rising over time and have been coming closer and closer to those of the other countries. A broader measure of capital formation more consonant with economic concepts shows the United States to have been close to the other countries since 1970 and to have been investing an above average share of total output in the most recent period 1990-1994. Real capital formation per capita and per worker, even conventionally defined, has been consistently between 15 and 25 percent higher than in the other countries and broadly defined real capital formation per capita and per worker has been 30 to 60 percent higher.
Keywords: No keywords provided
JEL Codes: C8; E21; E22
Edges that are evidenced by causal inference methods are in orange, and the rest are in light blue.
| Cause | Effect |
|---|---|
| U.S. nominal capital formation (E22) | U.S. investment proportion of GDP (E20) |
| U.S. real capital formation (E22) | U.S. investment ratios (F21) |
| U.S. real capital formation per capita and per worker (O49) | comparison with other countries (O57) |
| broadly defined U.S. real capital formation per capita and per worker (E22) | comparison with other countries (O57) |