Working Paper: NBER ID: w29939
Authors: Michael D. Bauer; Eric T. Swanson
Abstract: High-frequency changes in interest rates around FOMC announcements are an important tool for identifying the effects of monetary policy on asset prices and the macroeconomy. However, some recent studies have questioned both the exogeneity and the relevance of these monetary policy surprises as instruments, especially for estimating the macroeconomic effects of monetary policy shocks. For example, monetary policy surprises are correlated with macroeconomic and financial data that is publicly available prior to the FOMC announcement. We address these concerns in two ways: First, we expand the set of monetary policy announcements to include speeches by the Fed Chair, which doubles the number and importance of announcements; Second, we explain the predictability of the monetary policy surprises in terms of the “Fed response to news” channel of Bauer and Swanson (2021) and account for it by orthogonalizing the surprises with respect to macroeconomic and financial data that pre-date the announcement. Our subsequent reassessment of the effects of monetary policy yields two key results: First, estimates of the high-frequency effects on asset prices are largely unchanged; Second, estimates of the effects on the macroeconomy are substantially larger and more significant than what previous studies using high-frequency data have typically found.
Keywords: No keywords provided
JEL Codes: E43; E52; E58
Edges that are evidenced by causal inference methods are in orange, and the rest are in light blue.
| Cause | Effect |
|---|---|
| high-frequency changes in interest rates around FOMC announcements (E43) | effects of monetary policy on asset prices (E44) |
| high-frequency changes in interest rates around FOMC announcements (E43) | effects of monetary policy on the macroeconomy (E52) |
| monetary policy surprises (E39) | asset price changes (G19) |
| new measure of monetary policy surprises (E39) | stronger and more precise estimates of effects on the macroeconomy (E60) |
| conventional estimates (C13) | bias due to econometric endogeneity (C51) |
| new method (C69) | clearer understanding of monetary policy's impact (E49) |