Working Paper: NBER ID: w29538
Authors: Nicola Bianchi; Michela Giorcelli; Enrica Maria Martino
Abstract: This paper studies how fiscal decentralization affects local services. It explores a 1993 reform that increased the fiscal autonomy of Italian municipalities by replacing government transfers with revenues from a local property tax. Our identifica- tion leverages cross-municipal variation in the degree of decentralization that stems from differences in the average age of buildings caused by bombings during WWII. Decentralization reduced local spending but expanded municipal services, such as nursery schools. These effects are larger in areas with greater political competition. The paper also investigates how the reform affected labor markets. Decentralization increased female labor supply—probably through expanded availability of nursery schools—thereby reducing the gender gap in employment.
Keywords: No keywords provided
JEL Codes: H71; H75; I21; J20
Edges that are evidenced by causal inference methods are in orange, and the rest are in light blue.
| Cause | Effect |
|---|---|
| fiscal decentralization (H77) | local spending (H72) |
| fiscal decentralization (H77) | municipal services (H70) |
| greater fiscal autonomy (LPT) (H39) | nursery schools (I21) |
| increased nursery school availability (J13) | female labor supply (J21) |
| increased nursery school availability (J13) | gender employment gap (J16) |
| higher revenues from LPT (H27) | fiscal decentralization (H77) |