Working Paper: NBER ID: w26910
Authors: Phillip B. Levine; Jennifer Ma; Lauren C. Russell
Abstract: Do students respond to sticker prices or actual prices when applying to college? These costs differ for students eligible for financial aid. Students who do not understand this may not apply to some colleges because of the perceived high cost. We test for this form of “sticker shock” using College Board data on SAT scores sends, as a proxy for applications, to state flagship institutions for students entering college in 2006–2013. Some public flagships guarantee financial aid will meet full financial need. Sticker price increases at those schools would not affect the actual cost after factoring in financial aid and should not affect decisions for those eligible for aid. We exploit the large and variable increases in sticker prices at public flagships during the financial crisis generated from state budget shortfalls. We also control for local labor market conditions to abstract from the recession’s impact on individual educational decisions. We find evidence of sticker shock — students unaffected by virtue of institutional aid policies still apply less often. Using data from the National Student Clearinghouse, we also find that price increases at public flagships reduce enrollment of high achieving students, regardless of financial aid status, who often choose private colleges instead.
Keywords: No keywords provided
JEL Codes: I22; J24
Edges that are evidenced by causal inference methods are in orange, and the rest are in light blue.
| Cause | Effect |
|---|---|
| sticker price changes (D49) | college application behaviors (I23) |
| 10% increase in sticker prices (D49) | 12 to 18 percentage point reduction in likelihood of applying (I24) |
| price increases (E30) | decrease in enrollments among high-achieving students (I24) |
| tuition increases due to state financial crises (I22) | student application decisions (I23) |
| students eligible for financial aid (I22) | sensitivity to sticker price increases (D11) |