Working Paper: NBER ID: w23534
Authors: Andrés F. Barrientos; Alexander Bolton; Tom Balmat; Jerome P. Reiter; John M. De Figueiredo; Ashwin Machanavajjhala; Yan Chen; Charles Kneifel; Mark DeLong
Abstract: Data stewards seeking to provide access to large-scale social science data face a difficult challenge. They have to share data in ways that protect privacy and confidentiality, are informative for many analyses and purposes, and are relatively straightforward to use by data analysts. We present a framework for addressing this challenge. The framework uses an integrated system that includes fully synthetic data intended for wide access, coupled with means for approved users to access the confidential data via secure remote access solutions, glued together by verification servers that allow users to assess the quality of their analyses with the synthetic data. We apply this framework to data on the careers of employees of the U. S. federal government,\nstudying differentials in pay by race. The integrated system performs as intended, allowing users to explore the synthetic data for potential pay differentials and learn through verifications which findings in the synthetic data hold up in the confidential data and which do not. We find differentials across races; for example, the gap between black and white female federal employees' pay increased over the time period. We present models for generating synthetic careers and differentially private algorithms for verification of regression results.
Keywords: access; disclosure; privacy; synthetic; verification
JEL Codes: C51; C53; C55; C81; J15; J45
Edges that are evidenced by causal inference methods are in orange, and the rest are in light blue.
| Cause | Effect |
|---|---|
| race (J15) | salary outcomes (J31) |
| gender (J16) | salary outcomes (J31) |
| black female employees (J79) | wage disparity (J31) |
| Asian male employees (J82) | wage gap (J31) |
| black male employees (J79) | wage gap (J31) |