Working Paper: NBER ID: w23445
Authors: Michael F. Lovenheim; Patrick Walsh
Abstract: We examine whether changes in the local school choice environment affect the amount of information parents collect about local school quality, using data on over 100 million searches from greatschools.org. We link monthly data on search frequency in local “Search Units” to information on changes in open enrollment policies, tuition vouchers, charitable scholarship tax credits, tuition tax credits, local choice opportunities driven by No Child Left Behind sanctions and charter school penetration. Our results indicate that expansions in school choice rules and opportunities in a given area have large, positive effects on the frequency of searches done for schools in that area. These estimates suggest that the information parents have about local schools is endogenous to the choice environment they face, and that parental information depends not just on the availability of data, but also the incentive to seek and use it.
Keywords: school choice; information acquisition; online search behavior; education policy
JEL Codes: H75; I20; I28
Edges that are evidenced by causal inference methods are in orange, and the rest are in light blue.
| Cause | Effect |
|---|---|
| expansions in school choice rules and opportunities (I28) | increase in frequency of searches for schools (I21) |
| 10 percentage point increase in nclb-based choice eligibility (I24) | increase in the number of searches by 7217 (C89) |
| presence of charter schools (I21) | increase in online school search activity (I23) |
| information parents have about local schools (I20) | endogenous to the choice environment (D87) |
| availability of school information (I21) | insufficient to alleviate information gaps (D83) |
| expanded choice sets (D71) | motivate parents to seek out information (D83) |