Working Paper: NBER ID: w23219
Authors: D. Mark Anderson; Kerwin Kofi Charles; Claudio Las Heras Olivares; Daniel I. Rees
Abstract: The U.S. tuberculosis movement pioneered many of the strategies of modern public health campaigns. Dedicated to eradicating a specific disease, it was spearheaded by voluntary associations and supported by the sale of Christmas seals. Although remarkable in its scope and intensity, the effectiveness of the tuberculosis (TB) movement has not been studied in a systematic fashion. Using newly digitized mortality data at the municipal level for the period 1900-1917, we explore the effectiveness of the measures championed by the TB movement. Our results suggest that the adoption of a municipal reporting requirement was associated with a 6 percent decrease in pulmonary TB mortality, while the opening of a state-run sanatorium was associated with an almost 4 percent decrease in pulmonary TB mortality. However, these and other anti-TB measures can explain, at most, only a small portion of the overall decline in pulmonary TB mortality observed during the period under study.
Keywords: tuberculosis; public health; mortality; sanatoriums; reporting requirements
JEL Codes: I1
Edges that are evidenced by causal inference methods are in orange, and the rest are in light blue.
| Cause | Effect |
|---|---|
| Municipal reporting requirement (H70) | Pulmonary TB mortality (J17) |
| State-run sanatorium (I19) | Pulmonary TB mortality (J17) |
| Disinfection of deceased TB patients' premises (R21) | Pulmonary TB mortality (J17) |
| Prohibiting common drinking cups (Z28) | Pulmonary TB mortality (J17) |