Working Paper: NBER ID: w22433
Authors: Thierry Mayer; Marc J. Melitz; Gianmarco I.P. Ottaviano
Abstract: We document how demand shocks in export markets lead French multi-product exporters to re-allocate the mix of products sold in those destinations. In response to positive demand shocks, those French firms skew their export sales towards their best-performing products; and also extend the range of products sold to that market. We develop a theoretical model of multiproduct firms and derive the specific demand conditions needed to generate these product-mix reallocations. These demand conditions are associated with endogenous price elasticities that satisfy Marshall’s Second Law of Demand (the price elasticity of demand decreases with consumption). Under these demand conditions, our theoretical model highlights how the increased competition from demand shocks in export markets – and the induced product mix reallocations – induce productivity changes within the firm. We then empirically test for this connection between the demand shocks and the productivity of multi-product firms exporting to those destinations. We find that the effect of those demand shocks on productivity is substantial – and explain an important share of aggregate productivity fluctuations for French manufacturing.
Keywords: Trade Competition; Firm Productivity; Demand Shocks; Export Markets
JEL Codes: D24; F12
Edges that are evidenced by causal inference methods are in orange, and the rest are in light blue.
| Cause | Effect |
|---|---|
| positive demand shocks (E00) | product mix reallocations (L21) |
| product mix reallocations (L21) | firm productivity (D22) |
| positive demand shocks (E00) | firm productivity (D22) |