Working Paper: NBER ID: w16776
Authors: John J. Donohue III; Benjamin Ewing; David Peloquin
Abstract: This paper provides a critical review of the empirical and theoretical literatures on illegal drug policy, including cross-country comparisons, in order to evaluate three drug policy regimes: criminalization, legalization and "depenalization." Drawing on the experiences of various states, as well as countries such as Portugal and the Netherlands, the paper attempts to identify cost-minimizing policies for marijuana and cocaine by assessing the differing ways in which the various drug regimes would likely change the magnitude and composition of the social costs of each drug. The paper updates and evaluates Jeffrey Miron's 1999 national time series analysis of drug prohibition spending and the homicide rate, which underscores the lack of a solid empirical base for assessing the theoretically anticipated crime drop that would come from drug legalization. Nonetheless, the authors conclude that given the number of arrests for marijuana possession, and the costs of incarceration and crime systemic to cocaine criminalization, the current regime is unlikely to be cost-minimizing for either marijuana or cocaine.
Keywords: No keywords provided
JEL Codes: K0
Edges that are evidenced by causal inference methods are in orange, and the rest are in light blue.
| Cause | Effect |
|---|---|
| drug policy (Z28) | social costs (J32) |
| depenalization (K40) | arrests for marijuana possession (K42) |
| legalization (K37) | arrests for marijuana possession (K42) |
| legalization (K37) | costs associated with black market violence (K42) |
| depenalization (K40) | costs associated with black market violence (K42) |
| depenalization (K40) | implicit and explicit costs (D22) |
| legalization (K37) | implicit and explicit costs (D22) |
| regime changes (P39) | crime (K42) |
| regime changes (P39) | costs associated with substance abuse (I12) |