Working Paper: NBER ID: w16465
Authors: Alberto Bisin; Eleonora Patacchini; Thierry Verdier; Yves Zenou
Abstract: We propose a theoretical framework to study the determinants of ethnic and religious identity along two distinct motivational processes which have been proposed in the social sciences: cultural conformity and cultural distinction. Under cultural conformity, ethnic identity is reduced by neighborhood integration, which weakens group loyalties and prejudices. On the contrary, under cultural distinction, ethnic minorities are more motivated in retaining their own distinctive cultural heritage the more integrated are the neighborhoods where they reside and work. Data on ethnic preferences and attitudes provided by the Fourth National Survey of Ethnic Minorities in the UK enables us to test the relative significance of these two identity processes. We find evidence consistent with intense ethnic and religious identity mostly formed as a cultural distinction mechanism. Consistently, we document that ethnic identities are more intense in mixed than in segregated neighborhoods.
Keywords: ethnic identity; cultural conformity; cultural distinction; neighborhood integration; homogamous marriage
JEL Codes: H11; Z1
Edges that are evidenced by causal inference methods are in orange, and the rest are in light blue.
| Cause | Effect |
|---|---|
| cultural distinction (Z10) | ethnic identity formation (J15) |
| cultural conformity (Z13) | ethnic identity formation (J15) |
| intense ethnic identities arise in contexts where minority traits are threatened (F52) | ethnic identity (J15) |
| ethnic integration efforts (J68) | neighborhood composition (R23) |
| ethnic composition of neighborhoods (q) (R23) | ethnic identity (J15) |
| ethnic identity (J15) | probability of homogamous marriage (h) (J12) |
| ethnic composition of neighborhoods (q) (R23) | ethnic identity and homogamy (J15) |