Working Paper: NBER ID: w15442
Authors: Wolfgang Keller
Abstract: This paper examines how international flows of technological knowledge affect economic performance across industries and firms in different countries. Motivated by the large share of the world's technology investments made by firms that are active across borders, we focus on international trade and multinational enterprise activity as conduits for technological externalities, or spillovers. In addition to reviewing the recent empirical research on technology spillovers, the discussion is guided by a new model of foreign direct investment, trade, and endogenous technology transfer. We find evidence for technology spillovers through international trade and the activity of multinational enterprises. The analysis also highlights challenges for future empirical research, as well as the need for additional data on technology and innovation.
Keywords: International Trade; Foreign Direct Investment; Technology Spillovers
JEL Codes: F1; F2; L2; O3; O4
Edges that are evidenced by causal inference methods are in orange, and the rest are in light blue.
| Cause | Effect |
|---|---|
| International trade (F19) | technology diffusion (O33) |
| Imports (F14) | domestic productivity (O49) |
| Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) (F21) | technology spillovers (O33) |
| MNEs (F23) | technology transfer to affiliates (L24) |
| Technology transfer to affiliates (L24) | local productivity improvements (O49) |