Working Paper: CEPR ID: DP4303
Authors: Barbara Petrongolo
Abstract: This Paper presents evidence on gender segregation in employment contracts in 15 EU countries, using micro data from the ECHPS. Women are over-represented in part-time jobs in all countries considered, but while in northern Europe such allocation roughly reflects women?s preferences and their need to combine work with childcare, in southern Europe part-time jobs are often involuntary and provide significantly lower job satisfaction than full-time ones. Women are also over-represented in fixed-term contracts in southern Europe, and again this job allocation cannot be explained by preferences or productivity differentials between the two genders. There is thus a largely unexplained residual in the gender job allocation, which may be consistent with some degree of discrimination in a few of the labour markets considered, especially in southern Europe.
Keywords: gender segregation; part-time work; temporary work
JEL Codes: J22; J28; J71
Edges that are evidenced by causal inference methods are in orange, and the rest are in light blue.
| Cause | Effect |
|---|---|
| Women (J16) | Atypical job employment (J29) |
| Atypical job employment (J29) | Job satisfaction (J28) |
| Gender discrimination (J16) | Atypical job employment (J29) |
| Residual differences in job allocation (J29) | Gender discrimination (J16) |