Working Paper: CEPR ID: DP1838
Authors: Yuanzheng Gao; Yingyi Qian; Barry R. Weingast
Abstract: In 1994, China began a profound reform of its state-owned enterprises (SOE). We first describe and characterize this progress in two areas: privatization of small state-owned enterprises (SOEs) at the county level and mass lay-offs of excess state workers at the city level. Local governments have initiated these reforms, which are proceeding in economically and politically sensible ways. We then argue that privatization, Chinese style, rests on an adequate economic and political foundation ? federalism, Chinese style. We suggest a range of incentives that propel local governments toward SOE reform, including their harder budget constraints and increased competition from the non-state sector. In this sense, Chinese style federalism, has induced Chinese style privatization.
Keywords: privatization; restructuring; federalism; local governments; China
JEL Codes: H3; P2; P5
Edges that are evidenced by causal inference methods are in orange, and the rest are in light blue.
| Cause | Effect |
|---|---|
| hard budget constraints (H60) | SOE privatization (L33) |
| increased competition from the nonstate sector (L33) | SOE privatization (L33) |
| local government incentives (H71) | SOE privatization (L33) |