Working Paper: CEPR ID: DP15835
Authors: Debin Ma
Abstract: What explains economic changes or lack-thereof in modern China during 1850-1950? This paper highlights the critical role of ideology and ideological change induced as a response to Western impact following Qing China’s forced opening during the mid-19th century. I argue that Imperial Qing’s highly centralized and absolutist political regimes and traditional dominance in a China-centred world order have led to a closure of mind to new intellectual resources and initial failure to recognize impending crisis in the new world order. By laying out the quantitative profile of Chinese economic change during 1850-1950 and reviewing the main historiography, this paper builds a new analytical framework linking ideology with economic changes. It delineates three phases of economic changes in light of the specific timing of intellectual and ideological transformation during this period and embed our narrative with two specific cases of commercial and financial developments.
Keywords: ideology; institutions; western impact; chinese response; qing china; meiji china
JEL Codes: No JEL codes provided
Edges that are evidenced by causal inference methods are in orange, and the rest are in light blue.
| Cause | Effect |
|---|---|
| Qing dynasty's centralized and absolutist political regime (P16) | stifled intellectual growth (O39) |
| stifled intellectual growth (O39) | failure to adapt to challenges posed by Western imperialism (F54) |
| failure to adapt to challenges posed by Western imperialism (F54) | stunted economic development (O54) |
| external influences (O36) | ideological shifts (P39) |
| ideological shifts (P39) | economic transformations (P39) |