Working Paper: CEPR ID: DP14554
Authors: Vittorio Bassi; Anant Nyshadham; Jorge Tamayo; Achyuta Adhvaryu
Abstract: How do firms pair workers with managers, and which constraints affect the allocation of labor within the firm? We characterize the sorting pattern of managers to workers in a large readymade garment manufacturer in India, and then explore potential drivers of the observed allocation. Workers in this firm are organized into production lines, each supervised by a manager. We exploit the high degree of worker mobility across lines, together with worker-level productivity data, to estimate the sorting of workers to managers. We find negative assortative matching (NAM) -- that is, better managers tend to match with worse workers, and vice versa. This stands in contrast to our estimates of the production technology, which reveal that if the firm were to positively sort, productivity would increase by 1 to 4 percent across the six factories in our data. Coupling these findings with a survey of managers and with data on multinational brands and the orders they place, we document that NAM arises, at least in part, because the value of buyer relationships imposes minimum productivity constraints on each production line. Our results emphasize that suppliers to the global market, when they are beholden to a small set of powerful buyers, may be driven to allocate managerial skill to service these relationships, even at the expense of productivity.
Keywords: assortative matching; management; productivity; global buyers; readymade garments; india
JEL Codes: J24; L14; L23; M5
Edges that are evidenced by causal inference methods are in orange, and the rest are in light blue.
| Cause | Effect |
|---|---|
| negative assortative matching (NAM) (C78) | productivity increase (O49) |
| constraints from global buyers (F61) | negative assortative matching (NAM) (C78) |
| supply chain constraints (L91) | negative assortative matching (NAM) (C78) |
| manager concerns about deadlines (D25) | strategies to prevent lines from falling behind (C69) |
| better managers (M54) | worse workers (J81) |
| worse workers (J81) | better managers (M54) |