Working Paper: CEPR ID: DP14433
Authors: Sergei Guriev; Elias Papaioannou
Abstract: We synthesize the literature on the recent rise of populism. First, we discuss definitions and present descriptive evidence on recent increase in support for populists. Second, we cover the historical evolution of populist regimes since the late 19th century. Third, we discuss the role of secular economic factors related to cross-border trade and automation. Fourth, we review studies on the role of the 2008-2009 global financial crisis and subsequent austerity, connect them to historical work covering the Great Depression, and discuss likely mechanisms. Fifth, we discuss studies on identity politics, trust, and cultural backlash. Sixth, we discuss economic and cultural consequences of growth in immigration and the recent refugee crisis. We also discuss the gap between perceptions and reality regarding immigration. Seventh, we reviewstudies on the impact of the internet and social media. Eighth, we discuss works on the implications of populism's recent rise. Finally, we outline avenues for further research.
Keywords: No keywords provided
JEL Codes: No JEL codes provided
Edges that are evidenced by causal inference methods are in orange, and the rest are in light blue.
| Cause | Effect |
|---|---|
| economic distress (H84) | populist support (D72) |
| 2008-2009 global financial crisis (F65) | populist sentiments (D72) |
| austerity measures (E65) | populist sentiments (D72) |
| rising immigration (K37) | populist support (D72) |
| identity politics (J15) | populist support (D72) |
| media consumption patterns (D10) | populist support (D72) |