Working Paper: CEPR ID: DP10823
Authors: Kees Koedijk; Charles N. Noussair; Rachel Pownall; Ayse Terzi
Abstract: It is well-established that reference points are a feature of decision making under risk. In this paper we report an experiment, in which we investigate which of three potential reference points: (1) a status quo payoff level, (2) the average expected earnings of peers, and (3) a stated expectation of the experimenter, best describes behavior in a decontextualized risky decision making task. We find heterogeneity among individuals in the reference points they employ. The status quo level is the modal reference point, followed by the experimenter's stated expectation of participant earnings, and in turn by the average expected earnings of peers. A sizeable share of individuals show multiple reference points simultaneously. Reference points can be affected by a change in the income level.
Keywords: experiment; reference point
JEL Codes: No JEL codes provided
Edges that are evidenced by causal inference methods are in orange, and the rest are in light blue.
| Cause | Effect |
|---|---|
| Income shock (G59) | reference point adaptation (C59) |
| Reference points (Y20) | certainty equivalents from lottery choices (C25) |
| Status quo level (C62) | decision-making under risk (D81) |
| Experimenter's expectation (C90) | decision-making under risk (D81) |
| Social comparison level (D63) | decision-making under risk (D81) |
| Multiple reference points (Y91) | decision-making under risk (D81) |